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Gibbons at play (c. 1427) by the Xuande Emperor, the fifth emperor of the Ming dynasty of China.

7.5-Million-Year-Old Gibbon Fossil Fills Gap in Evolutionary History of Apes

Sep 14, 2022 by News Staff

Paleontologists have examined the fossilized remains of Yuanmoupithecus xiaoyuan, a small Old World monkey species that lived in China during the Late...

Bohn et al. identified a new set of previously undetected star-forming regions that are heavily obscured by dust in a starburst ring in the barred spiral galaxy NGC 7469. The area of this image from Webb’s Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) is shown by a box in the image of NGC 7469 below. Image credit: Bohn et al., arXiv: 2209.04466

Webb Observes Powerful Starburst Ring in NGC 7469

Sep 14, 2022 by Natali Anderson

Astronomers using the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope have discovered 36 new star-forming regions in a circumnuclear starburst ring in the barred...

Ohmura et al. provide a proof of concept that infant transport robustly reduces cry and potentially promotes sleep, and propose a behavioral protocol, ‘5-min carrying, 5- to 8-min sitting before bed’ for crying infants. For secure holding, caregivers should attach the infant body snugly to their own body and support the infant’s head. Five-minute walking should be on a flat and clear passage and at a steady pace, preferably without abrupt stops or turns. With these precautions, this protocol can be safely performed within the range of regular parental care. It should be noted that, unlike most behavioral interventions for infant sleep difficulties, this protocol does not address any long-term improvement of sleep regulation. This protocol instead provides an immediate calming of infant cry and may be useful especially on special occasions when the regular sleep routines, breastfeeding, or pacifiers are not effective or available. Image credit: Ohmura et al., doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.041.

Study: Five-Minute Walk Promotes Sleep for Crying Infants

Sep 13, 2022 by News Staff

Approximately 20-30% of infants cry excessively and exhibit sleep difficulties for no apparent reason, causing parental stress and even triggering impulsive...

This image, taken by the Dark Energy Camera on the Víctor M. Blanco 4-m telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, shows the Lobster Nebula. Image credit: CTIO / NOIRLab / DOE / NSF / AURA / T.A. Rector, University of Alaska Anchorage & NSF’s NOIRLab / J. Miller, Gemini Observatory & NSF’s NOIRLab / M. Zamani & D. de Martin, NSF’s NOIRLab.

Dark Energy Camera Celebrates Its 10th Birthday with Stunning Photo of Lobster Nebula

Sep 13, 2022 by Enrico de Lazaro

The Dark Energy Camera (DECam), a 570-megapixel U.S. Department of Energy-fabricated camera mounted on the Víctor M. Blanco 4-m telescope at NOIRLab’s...

This image shows dark nebulae Barnard 92 (right) and Barnard 93 (left) in Messier 24. Image credit: ESO / VPHAS+ team / Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit.

VST Spots Prominent Dark Nebulae in Messier 24

Sep 13, 2022 by Enrico de Lazaro

Astronomers using ESO’s VLT Survey Telescope (VST) at Paranal Observatory have captured a detailed image of a spectacular part of a star cloud called...

Images of graphite, lonsdaleite, and diamond in ureilite meteorites: (A) reflected light image showing folded crystalline graphite, with fold morphology defined by graphite cleavage; different shading in the graphite is produced by axial planar kink bands; (B) reflected light image (stacked foci) showing an example of the inherited fold morphology preserved in lonsdaleite; (C) cathodoluminescence map of the same area as (B) indicating different phases of carbon, where the green regions are lonsdaleite and the red areas on the periphery (including the purple dashed circle) are cubic diamond (blue is the cathodoluminescence response from olivine); (D) scanning TEM image of a region cut out of the area indicated by yellow circle in (C), highlighting dark lonsdaleite crystals. Image credit: Tomkins et al., doi: 10.1073/pnas.2208814119.

Strange Meteoritic Diamonds Came from Mantle of Destroyed Dwarf Planet, Study Says

Sep 13, 2022 by News Staff

Lonsdaleite, a rare hexagonal form of diamond found in ureilite meteorites, formed shortly after an inner solar system dwarf planet collided with a large...

An artist’s impression of the giant exoplanet Kepler-1704b. Image credit: Sci-News.com.

Three Types of Planets Orbit Red Dwarf Stars, New Study Suggests

Sep 13, 2022 by News Staff

Exoplanets smaller than Neptune are common around red dwarf (M-dwarf) stars, and many of those that transit their host stars constitute the bulk of known...

Surgically amputated site of the left tibia and fibula of the Liang Tebo individual: (a) left and right legs with pelvic girdle, demonstrating the complete absence of the distal third of the left lower leg; (b) left tibia and fibula showing the amputation surface, atrophy and necrosis; the bone surface is more porous because lysis occurred to remove the dead bone (necrosis); (c) radiograph of the left tibia and fibula; (d) left tibia medial aspect; (e) left tibia medial aspect; (f) left fibula anterior aspect. Scale bars - 5 cm in (a), 5 mm in (b and c) and 2 mm in (d-f). Image credit: Maloney et al., doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05160-8.

Stone Age Humans Conducted Surgical Amputation 31,000 Years Ago

Sep 12, 2022 by News Staff

Archaeologists excavating Liang Tebo Cave on the Indonesian island of Borneo have discovered the skeletal remains of a young individual who had the distal...

The inner region of the Orion Nebula as seen by the NIRCam instrument on board the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. This is a composite image from several filters that represents emission from ionized gas, hydrocarbons, molecular gas, dust and scattered starlight. Most prominent is the Orion Bar, a wall of dense gas and dust that runs from the top left to the bottom right in this image, and that contains the bright star θ2 Orionis A. The scene is illuminated by a group of hot, young massive stars -- known as the Trapezium Cluster -- that is located just off the top right of the image. The strong and harsh ultraviolet radiation of the Trapezium cluster creates a hot, ionized environment in the upper right, and slowly erodes the Orion Bar away. Molecules and dust can survive longer in the shielded environment offered by the dense Bar, but the surge of stellar energy sculpts a region that displays an incredible richness of filaments, globules, young stars with disks and cavities. Image credit: NASA / ESA / CSA / PDRs4All ERS Team / Salomé Fuenmayor.

Webb Captures Breathtaking Images of Orion Nebula

Sep 12, 2022 by Enrico de Lazaro

Astronomers using the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope have delivered the most detailed images ever taken of the inner region of the Orion Nebula. The...

This Hubble image shows Terzan 4, a globular cluster some 26,100 light-years away in the constellation of Scorpius. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble / R. Cohen.

Hubble Space Telescope Zooms in on Terzan 4

Sep 12, 2022 by Enrico de Lazaro

This new image from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope shows a densely packed, crowded field of stars in the center of the globular cluster Terzan 4. This...

Life reconstruction of Coelurosauravus elivensis. Image credit: Charlène Letenneur, MNHN.

New Research Reveals Secrets of First-Ever Gliding Reptile

Sep 12, 2022 by News Staff

Paleontologists from France and Germany have focused on the postcranial skeleton — including a remarkable gliding apparatus called the patagium —...

This image, obtained with the Metis instrument onboard ESA’s Solar Orbiter on March 25, 2022, shows the solar corona. Image credit: Telloni et al., doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac8104.

ESA’s Solar Orbiter Observes Magnetic Switchback in Sun’s Corona

Sep 12, 2022 by Natali Anderson

Solar switchbacks are sudden, large radial deflections of the solar wind magnetic field, previously revealed in interplanetary space by NASA spacecraft. This...

Todd et al. found a strong phylogeographic structure in modern donkeys (Equus asinus) that supports a single domestication in Africa around 5000 BCE, followed by further expansions in this continent and Eurasia and ultimately returning to Africa. Image credit: JackieLou DL.

Donkeys Were First Domesticated in Africa Over 7,000 Years Ago

Sep 10, 2022 by News Staff

Domestic donkeys (Equus asinus) have been important to humans for thousands of years, being the primary source of work and transport for many cultures....

Ancient crocodile-like animals first saw easy meals on land and then evolved limbs that enabled them to get there. Image credit: Zina Deretsky, National Science Foundation.

Early Tetrapods Had Fewer Skull Bones than Extinct and Living Fish, New Study Reveals

Sep 9, 2022 by News Staff

Scientists from the United Kingdom and Spain have discovered that tetrapods had more complex connections between their skull bones than fish and, rather...

Reconstruction of a Neanderthal. Image credit: Neanderthal Museum.

Neocortical Neurogenesis in Modern Humans Greater Than It Was in Neanderthals

Sep 9, 2022 by News Staff

Neanderthal brains were similar in size to those of modern humans but differed in shape. What scientists cannot tell from fossils is how Neanderthal brains...

Nolan et al. demonstrate the utility of manuka honey for incorporation into nebulized antibiotic treatment for respiratory infections, in particular Mycobacterium abscessus. Image credit: Yevgen Kyrylko.

Manuka Honey Can Be Used to Inhibit Drug-Resistant Mycobacteria: Study

Sep 9, 2022 by News Staff

For millennia manuka honey has been shown to have wide ranging medicinal properties, which have more recently been identified for its broad spectrum of...

The unusual shape of the open cluster NGC 346 is partly due to stars and gas spiraling into the center of the cluster in a river-like motion; the red spiral superimposed on NGC 346 traces the movement of stars and gas toward the center; this spiraling motion is the most efficient way to feed star formation from the outside toward the center of the cluster. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Andi James, STScI.

Astronomers Find Spiraling Stars in NGC 346

Sep 8, 2022 by News Staff

Astronomers using the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) instrument on ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) and the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope...

This electron microscope image shows a tardigrade. Image credit: S. Tanaka / H. Sagara / T. Kunieda.

Newly-Discovered Mechanism Explains How Tardigrades Survive Extreme Dehydration

Sep 8, 2022 by News Staff

Tardigrades are able to tolerate almost complete dehydration by entering a reversible state called anhydrobiosis and resume their animation upon rehydration....

$A reconstruction of Tuebingosaurus maierfritzorum. The cortical bone on the left side of the fossil is fractured into flakes, which can be explained if the carcass was exposed over a long time on the mud, two to four years, before being buried -- in the reconstruction, the animal will fall to its right body side. The reconstruction shows the animal sinking in a mud trap, attacked by a rauisuchian, Teratosaurus, which has also been found in the Trossingen Formation in Baden-Württemberg. In the background, a herd of Plateosaurus trossingensis runs away from the scene. The flora in the swamp is reconstructed based on fossils from the Germanic basin, with shoots of horsetails and ferns covering the swamp and a forest comprising cycads, lycophytes and coniferous plants. Image credit: O.R.R. Fernández & I. Werneburg, doi: 10.3897/vz.72.e86348.$

New Long-Necked Dinosaur Species Discovered after Century in University’s Collection

Sep 8, 2022 by Enrico de Lazaro

A new genus and species of sauropodomorph dinosaur has been discovered, after being misidentified as Plateosaurus trossingensis and kept in the Palaeontological...

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