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Newly-Developed Topical Gel Could Potentially Treat Periodontitis

Guo et al. reveal succinate’s effect on periodontitis pathogenesis and provides a topical treatment for this disease. Image credit: Guo et al., doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111389.
Sep 20, 2022 by News Staff

The new topical gel that blocks the receptor for a molecule called succinate treats periodontitis — also known as gum disease or periodontal disease — by suppressing inflammation and changing the makeup of bacteria in the mouth, according to new research. Guo et al. reveal succinate’s effect on periodontitis pathogenesis and provides a topical treatment for this disease. Image credit: Guo et al., doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111389. “No...

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Phosphorus in the form of orthophosphate (e.g., HPO4-2) is likely abundant in the subsurface ocean of Saturn’s moon Enceladus; a soda or alkaline ocean (containing NaHCO3 and/or Na2CO3) inside of Enceladus interacts geochemically with a rocky core; modeling indicates that this interaction promotes the dissolution of phosphate minerals, making orthophosphate readily available to possible life in the ocean; because phosphorus is an essential ingredient for life, this finding bolsters mounting evidence for habitability within this small Saturnian moon. Image credit: Southwest Research Institute.

Subsurface Ocean of Enceladus is Rich in Phosphorus, Suggests Study

Sep 20, 2022 by News Staff

Enceladus is one of the prime targets in the search for life in our Solar System. Observations made by NASA’s Cassini spacecraft show that this small...

Vocal learning is thought to have evolved in three orders of birds (songbirds, parrots, and hummingbirds), with each showing similar brain regions that have comparable gene expression specializations relative to the surrounding forebrain motor circuitry; Schuppe et al. searched for signatures of these same gene expression specializations in previously uncharacterized brains of seven assumed vocal non-learning bird lineages across the early branches of the avian family tree. Image credit: Premek Hajek.

Study: Woodpecker Drumming is Neurologically Similar to Songbird Vocalization

Sep 20, 2022 by News Staff

A team of scientists from the United States and Denmark has found specialized pecking-related regions in the woodpecker forebrain that show characteristics...

These craters were formed by a meteoroid impact on Mars on September 5, 2021, the first to be detected by NASA’s InSight lander; taken by NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, this enhanced-color image highlights the dust and soil disturbed by the impact in blue in order to make details more visible to the human eye. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / University of Arizona.

NASA’s InSight Lander Detects Seismic and Acoustic Waves from Meteoroid Impacts on Mars

Sep 20, 2022 by News Staff

The Seismic Experiment for Internal Structure (SEIS) seismometer on NASA’s InSight lander picked up vibrations and sounds from four space rocks that...

This image of Mars, captured by Webb’s NIRCam instrument on September 5, 2022, shows 4.3-micron (F430M filter) emitted light that reveals temperature differences with latitude and time of day, as well as darkening of the Hellas Basin caused by atmospheric effects; the bright yellow area is just at the saturation limit of the detector. Image credit: NASA / ESA / CSA / STScI / Mars JWST / GTO Team.

Webb Captures Its First Images and Spectra of Mars

Sep 20, 2022 by News Staff

Using the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) and the Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) aboard the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope, astronomers have...

The Pando aspen clone from a distance (green foreground and middle -- not yellow). Image credit: Lance Oditt, Studio 47.60° North.

Pando, Earth’s Largest Living Organism, is ‘Breaking Up’ Because of Herbivory and Fencing

Sep 19, 2022 by News Staff

The 43-hectare Pando aspen (Populus tremuloides) clone in Utah, the United States, is thought to be the largest living organism on Earth by dry weight...

This image shows a rocky outcrop called Wildcat Ridge, where NASA’s Perseverance rover extracted two rock cores and abraded a circular patch to investigate the rock’s composition. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / ASU / MSSS.

Perseverance Detects Organics in New Samples from Martian Jezero Crater

Sep 19, 2022 by News Staff

In 2014, NASA’s Curiosity rover found evidence of organic matter in rock-powder samples from Gale crater, and NASA’s Perseverance rover has detected...

Li et al. found that moderate consumption of black, green or oolong tea is linked to a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Image credit: Sci.News.

Moderate Tea Consumption Lowers Type 2 Diabetes Risk, New Review Suggests

Sep 19, 2022 by News Staff

A review of previous cohort studies suggests that drinking at least four cups of black, green or oolong tea a day is associated with a 17% lower risk of...

This Hubble image shows IRAS 05506+2414, a young stellar object located over 12,000 light-years away in the constellation of Taurus. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble / R. Sahai.

Hubble Looks at Very Young Protostar and Its Environment

Sep 19, 2022 by Enrico de Lazaro

Astronomers using the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope have captured a stunning image of IRAS 05506+2414, an enigmatic stellar object surrounded by a shroud...

The 500,000-year-old tusk of the straight-tusked elephant (Palaeoloxodon antiquus). Image credit: Israel Antiquities Authority.

Israeli Archaeologists Find 500,000-Year-Old Tusk of Straight-Tusked Elephant

Sep 18, 2022 by News Staff

The straight-tusked elephant (Palaeoloxodon antiquus) is an extinct species of elephant that lived throughout Europe and Asia between 1.5 million and 100,000...

Reconstruction of a Devonian arthrodire placoderm. Image credit: Trinajstic et al., oi: 10.1126/science.abf3289.

380-Million-Year-Old Mineralized Organs Reveal Insights into Early Evolution of Jawed Vertebrates

Sep 16, 2022 by News Staff

Paleontologists from Curtin University and elsewhere have studied a three-dimensionally mineralized heart (the oldest ever found), stomach, intestine and...

Composite of a true color image of Saturn, observed by Cassini in 2016, overlaid with a false color representation of the ultraviolet aurora in the northern hemisphere as observed on August 20, 2017. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / Space Science Institute / A. Bader, Lancaster University.

Destroyed Moon Could Explain Saturn’s Young Rings and Present-Day Tilt

Sep 16, 2022 by News Staff

Saturn’s rings — thought to have formed a mere 100 million years ago — are one of the most distinctive planetary features in our Solar System....

An artist’s impression of Ibirania parva. Image credit: Matheus Gadelha / Divulgação.

New Small Titanosaur Species Discovered in Brazil

Sep 16, 2022 by Enrico de Lazaro

Paleontologists have announced the discovery of a small-sized titanosaurian dinosaur in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. An artist’s impression of...

An artist’s impression of the MICROSCOPE satellite. Image credit: CNES / David Ducros.

MICROSCOPE Space Mission Confirms Equivalence Principle with Unprecedented Accuracy

Sep 15, 2022 by News Staff

The final results from CNES’ MICROSCOPE (MICROSatellite with Compensated drag for the Observation of the Principle of Equivalence) space mission —...

Callistoctopus xiaohongxu, live specimen. Image credit: Zheng et al., doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1121.86264.

New Species of Octopus Discovered

Sep 15, 2022 by Natali Anderson

Marine biologists have described a new species of the genus Callistoctopus from the waters of southeast China. Callistoctopus xiaohongxu, live specimen....

This Hubble image shows NGC 1961, an intermediate spiral galaxy some 197 million light-years away in the constellation of Camelopardalis. Image credit: NASA / ESA / J. Dalcanton, University of Washington / R. Foley, University of California, Santa Cruz / G. Kober, NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center / Catholic University of America.

Hubble Focuses on Enormous Spiral Galaxy: NGC 1961

Sep 15, 2022 by Enrico de Lazaro

NASA has released a stunning photo taken by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope of the intermediate spiral galaxy NGC 1961. This Hubble image shows NGC...

An artistic interpretation of Opisthiamimus gregori. Image credit: Julius Csotonyi / Smithsonian Institution.

Fossils of Jurassic Tuatara Relative Unearthed in Wyoming

Sep 15, 2022 by News Staff

Opisthiamimus gregori is an extinct, small-bodied relative of the tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus), the only living member of the reptilian order Rhynchocephalia. An...

An artist’s illustration of a protoplanet around LkCa 15; the protoplanet resides within dense rings of dust and gas that surround the star; material accumulates in a clump and arc-shape, about 60 degrees away from the protoplanet. Image credit: M. Weiss / Harvard & Smithsonian’s Center for Astrophysics.

ALMA Finds Evidence of Neptune-Mass Protoplanet around LkCa 15

Sep 15, 2022 by News Staff

LkCa 15, also known as IRAS 04363+2215, EPIC 247520207 or TIC 118681038, is a K5-type star with a mass of 1.2 solar masses. An artist’s illustration...

Kapil et al. describe the phase behavior of monolayer-confined water by calculating its pressure-temperature phase diagram: (a-g) the pressure-temperature phase diagram of monolayer water was calculated using an machine learning potential that delivers first-principles accuracy; the solid and dashed lines indicate first-order and continuous phase transitions, respectively; the gray regions indicate the statistical uncertainty for solid-solid phase transitions and, for the other transitions, the uncertainties arising from studying a finite number of thermodynamic states; the diagonally hatched area indicates the region in which square and flat-rhombic phases are near degenerate; diagrams of the hexagonal (a), pentagonal (b), square (c), flat-rhombic (d), hexatic (e), superionic (f) and liquid (g) phases are shown with oxygen atoms in red, hydrogen atoms in gray and hydrogen bonds shown by blue lines. Image credit: Kapil et al., doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05036-x.

Monolayer-Confined Water Acts Like Neither Liquid Nor Solid, Scientists Say

Sep 14, 2022 by News Staff

Water in a one-molecule layer acts like neither a liquid nor a solid, and becomes highly conductive at high pressures, according to a new paper published...

McGreen et al. found the number of cravings a person experiences can indicate how many soft drinks they would eventually drink, with cravings triggered by a number of factors beyond thirst. Image credit: Ernesto Rodriguez.

Study: Stronger Cravings for Soft Drinks, Coffee Associated with Drinking More of Craved Beverage

Sep 14, 2022 by News Staff

Cravings for a range of substances including drugs, alcohol, and food have been shown to predict subsequent consumption or use. However, this link has...

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