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Novel Anti-Inflammatory Molecule Isolated from Soil-Dwelling Bacterium

Mycobacterium vaccae. Image credit: Christopher Lowry, University of Colorado, Boulder.
Jun 19, 2019 by News Staff

About three decades after scientists coined the term ‘hygiene hypothesis’ to suggest that increased exposure to microorganisms could benefit health, an international team of biologists from the United States, the United Kingdom and Hungary has identified an anti-inflammatory lipid in the soil-dwelling bacterium Mycobacterium vaccae that may be responsible. Mycobacterium vaccae. Image credit: Christopher Lowry, University of Colorado, Boulder. Professor...

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NASA’s Mars rover Curiosity imaged these drifting clouds on May 7, 2019. These are likely water-ice clouds about 19 miles (31 km) above the surface. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech.

‘Meteoric Smoke’ May Play Key Role in Formation of High-Altitude Clouds on Mars

Jun 19, 2019 by News Staff

Planetary scientists have long observed water-ice clouds in the Martian middle atmosphere (18.6-37.2 miles, or 30-60 km, above the surface). Now, a University...

An artist’s rendering of ancient Arctic hyenas belonging to the genus Chasmaporthetes. Image credit: Julius T. Csotonyi.

Hyenas Once Lived above Arctic Circle

Jun 19, 2019 by News Staff

Paleontologists have found two fossilized teeth of extinct cursorial hyenas (genus Chasmaporthetes) in the remote Old Crow River region in northern Yukon...

Choanocyte-derived archaeocytes are capable of generating new choanocyte chambers (dotted line). Scale bar - 10 μm. Image credit: Sogabe et al, doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1290-4.

First Multicellular Organisms Were Collections of Stem Cell-Like Cells, Research Suggests

Jun 19, 2019 by News Staff

A team of researchers from the University of Queensland and the University of Alabama has found that the first multicellular organisms probably weren’t...

Perry et al provide evidence for stimulation of a glucocorticoid-AgRP neuron axis that promotes food intake and suggest that AgRP neurons may be an attractive therapeutic target to suppress hyperphagia under conditions of leptin deficiency or glucocorticoid excess including Cushing’s disease. Image credit: N.R. Voss / CC BY-SA 3.0.

Study Provides New Insights into Biology of ‘Satiety Hormone’ Leptin

Jun 18, 2019 by News Staff

Leptin, a hormone secreted by fat cells, informs the brain about sufficiency of fuel stores. When insufficient, leptin levels fall, triggering increases...

This is an artist’s impression of Çatalhöyük. Image credit: Dan Lewandowski.

Neolithic Çatalhöyük Experienced Modern Urban Problems

Jun 18, 2019 by News Staff

An international team of researchers has found that the inhabitants of the Neolithic settlement Çatalhöyük (7100-5950 BCE) experienced overcrowding,...

Milky Way Collided with Dark-Matter Dominated Galaxy Less Than Billion Years Ago

Jun 18, 2019 by News Staff

According to new research led by Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), the collision of the recently-discovered dwarf galaxy Antlia 2 with our Milky...

Kaminski et al show that, in only 33,000 years, domestication transformed the facial muscle anatomy of dogs specifically for facial communication with humans; dogs with expressive eyebrows had a selection advantage and ‘puppy dog eyes’ are the result of selection based on humans’ preferences. Image credit: JacLou DL.

Dogs Evolved New Muscles around Eyes to Better Communicate with Humans, Study Says

Jun 18, 2019 by News Staff

Domestication shaped wolves (Canis lupus) into dogs (Canis familiaris) and transformed both their behavior and their anatomy. A new study, published in...

Nilvadipine, a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist that is in use as an antihypertensive agent, increased hippocampal cerebral blood flow (CBF) while lowering blood pressure in people with Alzheimer’s disease. These findings indicate that the known decrease in CBF in Alzheimer’s patients can in some regions be reversed. Image credit: OpenStax College / Anatomy & Physiology, cnx.org / CC BY 3.0.

Hypertension Drug Increases Hippocampal Blood Flow in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Jun 18, 2019 by News Staff

Cerebrovascular changes, including reduced cerebral blood flow, occur early in the development of Alzheimer’s disease and may accelerate disease progression....

Aldridge & Rose suggest that although some children struggle to recognize when a dog is frightened, the more concerning issue is their lack of understanding of how to behave appropriately around dogs, especially those that are frightened. Image credit: Pexels.

Study: Children Often Misread Fear in Dogs, Making Bite More Likely

Jun 17, 2019 by The Conversation

The benefits of growing up with a pet are well documented — these days dogs are even used in the classroom. That said, we sometimes forget that dogs...

NASA’s Cassini spacecraft in orbit around Saturn. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech.

Cassini Team Delivers New Findings on Saturn’s Ring System

Jun 17, 2019 by Enrico de Lazaro

Although NASA’s Cassini mission ended in 2017, science continues to flow from the data collected. In a series of papers in the journal Science, planetary...

This Hubble image shows the irregular galaxy IC 10. The image is made up of observations from Hubble’s Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) in the optical part of the spectrum. It is based on data obtained through three filters. The color results from assigning different hues to each monochromatic image associated with an individual filter. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble / F. Bauer.

Hubble Space Telescope Sees IC 10

Jun 17, 2019 by News Staff

The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has captured a striking new photo of the irregular galaxy IC 10. This Hubble image shows the irregular galaxy IC 10....

Almond kernels.

Almond Genome Sequenced

Jun 17, 2019 by News Staff

The domesticated almond tree (Prunus amygdalus) has been feeding humans for millennia. Derivation from the wild, bitter, and toxic almond required loss...

An Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) with a sponge in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Image credit: Simon Allen.

Study: Bottlenose Dolphins Form Friendships through Shared Interests

Jun 14, 2019 by News Staff

According to new research, published in the published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) living...

Scholars argue that consciousness is a fundamental quality of the Universe. Image credit: NASA / ESA / JPL-Caltech / STScI / Sci-News.com.

Is Consciousness a Fundamental Quality of the Universe?

Jun 14, 2019 by The Conversation

Scientists have long been trying to understand human consciousness — the subjective ‘stuff’ of thoughts and sensations inside our minds. There...

A specimen of Redlichia rex from the Emu Bay Shale, Kangaroo Island, Australia. Scale bar - 10 mm. Image credit: Holmes et al, doi: 10.1080/14772019.2019.1605411.

Giant Cambrian Trilobite Species Unearthed in Australia

Jun 14, 2019 by News Staff

Paleontologists have unearthed fossils of a giant trilobite species that inhabited Australian waters approximately 500 million years ago (Cambrian period). An...

This Hubble image shows the dwarf starburst galaxy ESO 495-21. The galaxy is just 3,000 light-years across, a fraction of the size of the Milky Way, but that is not stopping the galaxy from furiously forming huge numbers of stars. This image is a composite of separate exposures acquired by Hubble’s Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) and Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) instruments. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble.

Dwarf Starburst Galaxy Harbors Supermassive Black Hole

Jun 14, 2019 by News Staff

A starburst galaxy called ESO 495-21 is just 3,000 light-years across, but it harbors a black hole of about one million solar masses at its core. This...

Shea et al examined the association between vitamin K status and incident mobility disability in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Image credit: Coombesy.

Vitamin K Involved in Disablement Process in Older Age, Study Suggests

Jun 14, 2019 by News Staff

Reduced levels of circulating vitamin K are linked to an increased risk of mobility limitation and disability in older adults, according to a study published...

The head of a Pleistocene wolf. Image credit: Albert Protopopov.

30,000-Year-Old Head of Pleistocene Wolf Found in Siberian Permafrost

Jun 13, 2019 by News Staff

A perfectly preserved head of a large wolf has been unearthed from the melting permafrost in eastern Siberia. The head of a Pleistocene wolf. Image credit:...

No one knows what dark matter is, but this invisible form of matter makes up roughly a quarter of the Universe. Image credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.

Dark Monopoles: Theoretical Physicists Propose New Candidate for Dark Matter

Jun 13, 2019 by News Staff

Professor John Terning and Dr. Christopher Verhaaren from the University of California, Davis, have a new candidate for dark matter — a dark monopole...

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