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Two New Classes of Low-Mass Red Giants Discovered

Red giant stars. Image credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center / Chris Smith, KBRwyle.
Apr 15, 2022 by News Staff

Mass loss in red giant stars is one of the major uncertainties in the astrophysics. Red giant stars. Image credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center / Chris Smith, KBRwyle. Red giants are evolved stars that have burned all the hydrogen in their cores into helium through a process of nuclear fusion and instead burn hydrogen in a shell. Towards the ends of their lives, these stars also start burning the helium in their cores. There are millions of...

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Hwang et al. studied the capillary-induced coalescence of swelling pasta; they observed that, as pasta is cooked (hence, swollen and softened), capillary action more easily deforms the noodle, and two pasta noodles can coalesce with the shorter stick length: (a) picture of spaghetti aglio e olio; capillary adhesion between the noodles is induced by olive oil seasoned with garlic and pepper; (b) pasta radial and axial growth over time at 100 degrees Celsius cooking due to hygroscopic swelling; radial strain grows up to 70% of its original and axial strain up to 40% of its original after 30 min of cooking (at 100 degrees Celsius); pasta cross section shows color-gradient before it is sufficiently cooked. Image credit: Hwang et al., doi: 10.1063/5.0083696.

New Math Model Describes Swelling, Elasticity and Adhesion of Pasta as It Cooks

Apr 15, 2022 by News Staff

In new research, a team of researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign has documented how pasta — composed of starch granules —...

A thermophotovoltaic cell (size 1 x 1 cm) mounted on a heat sink designed to measure the TPV cell efficiency. Image credit: Felice Frankel.

Researchers Develop Highly Efficient Heat Engine

Apr 14, 2022 by News Staff

The newly-developed heat engine is a thermophotovoltaic cell that captures high-energy photons from a white-hot heat source and converts them into electricity...

MAGIC Telescopes Detect Gamma Rays from Recurrent Nova

Apr 14, 2022 by News Staff

Astronomers using the MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes have detected gamma rays from the 2021 outburst of RS Ophiuchi, a recurrent...

Hematite tubes from the NSB hydrothermal vent deposits that represent the oldest microfossils and evidence for life on Earth. Image credit: Matthew Dodd, University College London.

Diverse Microbial Life Forms Existed At Least 3.75 Billion Years Ago, Study Confirms

Apr 14, 2022 by News Staff

In 2017, paleontologists found 3.75- to 4.28-billion-year-old microscopic filaments and tubes, which appeared to have been made by iron-loving bacteria,...

The same thing that makes their eyes glow helps cats see better in dim light. Image credit: Jplm / CC BY-SA 3.0.

Why Do Eyes of Cats, Dogs and Other Animals Glow in the Dark?

Apr 14, 2022 by The Conversation

Cats and many other animals can reflect light from their eyes. That’s why their eyes will usually shine brightly in photos taken in a dimly lit room...

Bagagiolo et al. performed a comprehensive literature search for evidence on the efficacy and safety of osteopathic manipulative treatment for any condition. Image credit: Jarmon_88.

Osteopathy May Relieve Pain Associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders, New Review Says

Apr 14, 2022 by News Staff

A new review of the available clinical evidence, published in the journal BMJ Open, suggests that osteopathic manipulative treatment could be effective...

An artist’s impression of a supermassive black hole that is inside the dust-shrouded core of a starburst galaxy. Image credit: NASA / ESA / N. Bartmann.

Hubble Finds Rapidly Growing Black Hole in Early Universe

Apr 13, 2022 by News Staff

Astronomers using the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope have spotted GNz7q, a black hole that existed only 750 million years after the Big Bang, in one of...

Thanatotheristes degrootorum. Image credit: Julius Scotonyi, Royal Tyrrell Museum.

Mystery of Missing Apex Predators in Cretaceous North American and Asian Ecosystems Solved

Apr 13, 2022 by The Conversation

The top predator of the Jurassic and Cretaceous landscapes was usually a species of carnivorous dinosaur. These predators walked on two legs, had powerful...

An illustration of the idea that a neutrino (v) and an electron (e) interact with a nuclei in comparable ways. Image credit: Jefferson Lab.

New Measurements Shed Light on How Neutrinos Change Their Flavor

Apr 13, 2022 by News Staff

Physicists from the MicroBooNE Collaboration at Fermilab have performed a first-of-its-kind measurement: a comprehensive set of the energy-dependent neutrino-argon...

Scanning electron micrograph showing rod-shaped fragments of the aerial mycelium of Lentzea flaviverrucosa grown on modified Sauton’s agar for 8 days at 28 degrees Celsius. Magnification 8,000x. Image credit: Xie et al., doi: 10.1099/00207713-52-5-1815.

New Antibiotic Candidate Identified in Soil Bacterium

Apr 13, 2022 by News Staff

A team of U.S. researchers has discovered a potential candidate for drug development from a rare species of actinomycete bacterium called Lentzea flaviverrucosa. Scanning...

Prasophyllum morganii. Image credit: Ayre et al., doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.528.2.1.

Orchid Species Missing for 89 Years Rediscovered in Australia

Apr 13, 2022 by Natali Anderson

Prasophyllum morganii was first collected from a single population in Victoria, Australia, in 1929, but has not been collected since 1933. Prasophyllum...

This image, taken by Hubble’s Wide Field Camera 3 on January 8, 2022, shows comet C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein). Image credit: NASA / ESA / Man-To Hui, Macau University of Science and Technology / David Jewitt, UCLA / Alyssa Pagan, STScI.

Hubble Detects Giant Nucleus of Comet Bernardinelli-Bernstein

Apr 12, 2022 by News Staff

The estimated diameter of the nucleus of comet C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein) is approximately 137 km (85 miles) across, making it the largest...

A fragment of the Bamboo Annals. Image credit: National Diet Library of Japan.

Earliest Known Report of Aurora Found in Ancient Chinese Chronicle

Apr 12, 2022 by News Staff

The Bamboo Annals (Zhúshū Jìnián) is a historical chronicle of the history of ancient China, spanning ca. 2400 to 299 BCE. A fragment of the Bamboo...

The T14 system participates in at least four interactive cascades. Image credit: Greenfield et al., doi: 10.1002/trc2.12274.

New Drug Effective in Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Apr 12, 2022 by News Staff

NBP14, a new drug candidate from Neuro-Bio Ltd., effectively treats the signs of neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, according...

Yin et al realized the satellite-based distribution of entangled photon pairs over 747 miles. Image credit: U.S. Army.

Quantum Teleportation Can Be Used to Avoid Loss in Communication Channels, Researchers Say

Apr 12, 2022 by News Staff

Scientists from Griffith University, the University of Queensland, the University of New South Wales and the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology...

Village weavers (Ploceus cucullatus) and their nests. Image credit: Chao Zhao.

Study: Vegetarian Weaver Birds are More Sociable than Their Insect-Eating Counterparts

Apr 12, 2022 by News Staff

New research supports an influential ecological hypothesis on social behavior first proposed 58 years ago. Village weavers (Ploceus cucullatus) and their...

This is an artist’s impression of Çatalhöyük. Image credit: Dan Lewandowski.

Scientists Have New Theory on Origin of State

Apr 11, 2022 by News Staff

The conventional theory about the origin of the state is that the adoption of farming increased land productivity, which led to the production of food...

Physicists Precisely Measure Mass of W Boson

Apr 11, 2022 by News Staff

Physicists from the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) Collaboration have determined the mass of the W boson, a mediator of the weak force between elementary...

Neptune is Cooler than Astronomers Thought

Apr 11, 2022 by News Staff

Using data from ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT), NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope, the Subaru Telescope, the Keck Telescope, the Gemini South and North...

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