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Study: Rapid Eye Movements during REM Sleep Mimic Gazes in Dream World

Yuta Senzai & Massimo Scanziani discovered that the direction and amplitude of rapid eye movements during REM sleep reveal the direction and amplitude of the ongoing changes in virtual head direction. Image credit: Yuta Senzai & Massimo Scanziani, doi: 10.1126/science.abp8852.
Aug 26, 2022 by News Staff

Sleep includes phases characterized by rapid eye movement (REM) that were known to be associated with dreaming. But are these eye movements related to the contents of consciousness in that sleep state? Yuta Senzai & Massimo Scanziani discovered that the direction and amplitude of rapid eye movements during REM sleep reveal the direction and amplitude of the ongoing changes in virtual head direction. Image credit: Yuta Senzai & Massimo Scanziani,...

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This artist’s concept depicts NASA’s Perseverance rover. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech.

Perseverance Provides Insights into History and Composition of Rocks in Martian Jezero Crater

Aug 26, 2022 by News Staff

According to a series of four papers by the Perseverance science team, the floor of Jezero crater had eroded more than planetary researchers expected....

The four living sirenian species and the recently extinct Steller’s sea cow; figured body sizes are at relative scale. Image credit: Christy Holton / S. Heritage & E.R. Seiffert, doi: 10.7717/peerj.13886.

New Research Tracks Evolution of Sea Cows

Aug 25, 2022 by News Staff

The sea cows originated in the Tethys Sea, between southern Europe and northern Africa, during the latest part of the Paleocene epoch, according to a new...

Representation of the modes of locomotion practiced by Sahelanthropus tchadensis. Image credit: Sabine Riffaut, Guillaume Daver, Franck Guy / PALEVOPRIM / CNRS / University of Poitiers.

Hominins Were Already Bipedal 7 Million Years Ago, Researchers Say

Aug 25, 2022 by Enrico de Lazaro

Paleoanthropologists have examined three fossilized limb bones of Sahelanthropus tchadensis, one of the oldest known species in the human family tree. Representation...

Inadequate sleep represents a significant influential force determining whether humans choose to help one another, observable across micro- and macroscopic levels of civilized interaction. Image credit: Sasin Tipchai.

Inadequate Sleep Makes Us Less Generous, New Study Shows

Aug 25, 2022 by News Staff

New research by University of California, Berkeley scientists shows that a lack of sleep impairs our basic social conscience, making us withdraw our desire...

Life reconstruction of Thalassotitan atrox. Image credit: Andrey Atuchin.

Giant Predatory Mosasaur Unearthed in Morocco

Aug 25, 2022 by News Staff

Thalassotitan atrox, a species of mosasaur that swam in the Cretaceous oceans 66 million years ago, shows that these specialized marine creatures evolved...

This transmission spectrum of WASP-39b was captured by Webb’s Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on July 10, 2022. Image credit: NASA / ESA / CSA / Leah Hustak, STScI / Joseph Olmsted, STScI.

Webb Detects Carbon Dioxide in Atmosphere of Hot-Saturn WASP-39b

Aug 25, 2022 by News Staff

Carbon dioxide is a key chemical species that is found in a wide range of planetary atmospheres. This transmission spectrum of WASP-39b was captured by...

(A) the Milky Way Galaxy with superimposed spiral arms and geological events: the arm and the Solar System rotate clockwise at different rates; the ‘+’ number denotes the number of times Earth has passed through that arm; (B) model of the Oort cloud showing cometary nuclei; (C) schematic reconstruction of early Earth impact process; (D) early crustal nuclei development. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / ESO / R. Hurt / Kirkland et al., doi: 10.1130/G50513.1.

Transits through Milky Way’s Spiral Arms Helped Form Early Earth’s Continental Crust, Study Says

Aug 24, 2022 by News Staff

New research led by Curtin University geologists suggests that regions of space with dense interstellar clouds may send more high-energy comets crashing...

Giant beavers, about as large as a modern-day bear, ate aquatic plants before they went extinct after the last Ice Age. Image credit: Luke Dickey.

Semi-Aquatic Beavers Lived in Montana 30 Million Years Ago

Aug 24, 2022 by News Staff

The newly-identified species of beaver, Microtheriomys articulaquaticus, represents the oldest semi-aquatic rodent in North America and the oldest amphibious...

An artistic rendition of the super-Earth TOI-1452b. Image credit: Benoit Gougeon, Université de Montréal.

Water-World Super-Earth Found in Nearby Binary System

Aug 24, 2022 by Natali Anderson

Astronomers using NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and the SPIRou spectropolarimeter on the 3.6-m Canada-France-Hawaii telescope have...

Denisovans were probably dark-skinned, unlike the pale Neandertals. The picture shows a Neanderthal man. Image credit: Mauro Cutrona.

Study: Much of Neanderthal-Modern Human Interbreeding Took Place in Near East

Aug 24, 2022 by News Staff

Studies of human fossils, and the DNA extracted from them, reveal a complex history of interbreeding between various human lineages over the past 100,000...

7-methylxanthine may slow the progression of myopia in children. Image credit: National Eye Institute.

Caffeine Metabolite Slows Myopia Progression in Children, New Study Suggests

Aug 24, 2022 by News Staff

Myopia (short-sightedness) is associated with an increased risk of permanent vision loss. A metabolite of caffeine called 7-methylxanthine, licensed in...

Life reconstruction of Bisticeratops froeseorum. Image credit: Sergey Krasovskiy.

New Species of Horned Dinosaur Discovered

Aug 23, 2022 by Enrico de Lazaro

A new genus and species of chasmosaurine ceratopsid dinosaur has been identified from a fossilized skull held in U.S. museums for several decades. The...

Look-alike humans share similar genotypes and differ in their DNA methylation and microbiome landscape. Image credit: Joshi et al., doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111257.

Study: Look-Alike Humans Have Similar DNA

Aug 23, 2022 by News Staff

New research led by Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute scientists shows that people with extreme look-alike faces share common genotypes, but...

This NIRCam/Webb image from two filters -- F212N (orange) and F335M (cyan)-- shows the Jupiter system. Image credit: NASA / ESA / CSA / Jupiter ERS Team / Ricardo Hueso, UPV & EHU / Judy Schmidt.

Webb Team Releases New Photos of Jupiter

Aug 23, 2022 by News Staff

The two new images of Jupiter were taken with Webb’s Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam), which has three specialized infrared filters that showcase details...

The detailed global map of hydrated mineral deposits on Mars; various landing sites and areas of interest are shown; Mawrth Vallis is an ancient water outflow channel that is rich in clays; Oxia Planum is another clay-rich region and has been selected as the landing site for ESA’s Rosalind Franklin rover; Meridiani Planum straddles the Martian equator and was the landing spot for NASA’s Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity in 2004; Valles Marineris is one of the largest canyons in the Solar System’ Gale crater and Jezero crater were the landing sites of NASA’s Curiosity and Perseverance rovers in 2012 and 2020, respectively. Image credit: ESA / Mars Express / NASA / Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.

Planetary Scientists Create First Global High-Resolution Map of Martian Aqueous Minerals

Aug 23, 2022 by News Staff

The newly-released map shows the locations and abundances of secondary minerals formed through interaction with water on Mars. It is based on the analysis...

An artist’s illustration of a protoplanetary disk; the insert displays carbon monoxide molecules in the ice phase. Image credit: M. Weiss / Harvard & Smithsonian’s Center for Astrophysics.

Astronomers Solve Mystery of Missing Gaseous Carbon Monoxide in Protoplanetary Disks

Aug 23, 2022 by News Staff

Carbon monoxide is ultra-bright and extremely common in protoplanetary disks, making it a prime target for astronomers. But a huge chunk of carbon monoxide...

This Webb image shows members of the SMACS0723_PC protocluster: the red circles show the position of the two spectroscopically confirmed galaxies and the green circles are at the position of the six other protocluster members candidates. Image credit: Laporte et al., arXiv: 2208.04930.

Webb Finds Protocluster of Galaxies in Early Universe

Aug 22, 2022 by Natali Anderson

Astronomers from the University of Cambridge and elsewhere have analyzed the spectroscopic and photometric data from three instruments (NIRSpec, NIRISS...

Consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners may induce person-specific, microbiome-dependent glycemic alterations, necessitating future assessment of clinical implications. Image credit: Suez et al., doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.07.016.

Some Artificial Sweeteners Can Alter Gut Microbiome, New Study Says

Aug 22, 2022 by News Staff

Non-nutritive sweeteners are commonly integrated into human diet and presumed to be inert. However, previous studies suggest that they may impact the microbiome...

This image, taken with the Zorro imager on the 8.1-m Gemini South telescope, shows R136a1, the largest star yet discovered. Image credit: International Gemini Observatory / NOIRLab / NSF / AURA / T.A. Rector, University of Alaska Anchorage & NSF’s NOIRLab / M. Zamani, NSF’s NOIRLab / D. de Martin, NSF’s NOIRLab.

Gemini South Telescope Captures Best Ever Images of Most Massive Known Star

Aug 22, 2022 by Enrico de Lazaro

R136a1 has a mass between 170 and 230 solar masses, according to an analysis of optical data from the speckle imager Zorro mounted on the 8.1-m Gemini...

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