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Median Eyes Were Really Present in Trilobites, Paleontologists Say

Compound (a-d) and median (e-p) eyes of trilobites. Image credit: B. Schoenemann & E.N.K. Clarkson, doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-31089-7.
Mar 21, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

Arthropods typically possess two types of eyes: compound eyes, and the ocellar, so-called median eyes. Only trilobites, an important group of arthropods during the Paleozoic, seem not to possess median eyes. In a new paper, University of Cologne’s Dr. Brigitte Schoenemann and University of Edinburgh’s Professor Euan Clarkson give a review about the complexity of representation and evolution of median eyes among arthropods, and fills the gap of...

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This Hubble image shows a portion of Messier 55, a globular cluster located some 20,000 light-years away in the constellation of Sagittarius. Image credit: NASA / ESA / A. Sarajedini, Florida Atlantic University / M. Libralato, STScI, ESA & JWST / Gladys Kober.

Hubble Space Telescope Takes Close Look at Messier 55

Mar 21, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

NASA has released a brilliant photo taken by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope of the globular cluster Messier 55. This Hubble image shows a portion...

Spiranthes hachijoensis in Ena-shi, Japan: (a) inflorescence; (b) flower, lateral view; (c) flower, top view; (d) dorsal sepal; (e) petal; (f) lateral sepal; (g) labellum; (h) close-up of basal labellum callosities; (i) ovary and column; (j, k) column, bottom view; (l) column, top view; (m) pollinia without a viscidium. Scale bars - 20 mm in (a), 3 mm in (b-g), 0.5 mm in (h), and 1 mm in (i-m). Image credit: Suetsugu et al., doi: 10.1007/s10265-023-01448-6.

New Species of Orchid Discovered in Japan

Mar 21, 2023 by Natali Anderson

Spiranthes hachijoensis occurs in Kyushu, Shikoku, Chubu, and Kanto districts of Japan. Spiranthes hachijoensis in Ena-shi, Japan: (a) inflorescence; (b)...

Life reconstruction of Alienopterix santonicus with hypothetical greenish-reddish coloration. Image credit: Márton Zsoldos.

Enigmatic Metallic Cockroach Lived alongside Dinosaurs

Mar 20, 2023 by Sergio Prostak

Alienopterix santonicus was found preserved in a piece of ajkaite, a unique Late Cretaceous type of amber from western Hungary. Life reconstruction of...

A relict glacier near Mars’ equator. Image credit: Lee et al. / LPSC 2023 / NASA.

Relict Glacier Spotted near Martian Equator

Mar 20, 2023 by News Staff

A so-called light-toned deposit (LTD) in Eastern Noctis Labyrinthus, about 160 km (99.4 miles) north-west of Oudemans crater near Mars’ equator, presents...

Some exoplanets have one side permanently facing their star while the other side is in perpetual darkness. The ring-shaped border between these permanent day and night regions is called a terminator zone. Image credit: Ana Lobo / University of California, Irvine.

Exoplanetary ‘Terminator Zones’ Have Potential to Support Alien Life, Study Suggests

Mar 20, 2023 by News Staff

Rocky exoplanets orbiting red dwarf (M-dwarf) stars are among the most promising and abundant astronomical targets for detecting habitable climates. Planets...

Alkaliphile is a new taste receptor dedicated to sensing the alkaline pH of food. Image credit: Yali Zhang, Monell Chemical Senses Center.

Scientists Identify Taste Receptor for Alkaline pH

Mar 20, 2023 by News Staff

Monell Chemical Senses Center researcher Yali Zhang and colleagues identified a previously unknown chloride ion channel, which they named alkaliphile (Alka),...

This Hubble image shows the jellyfish galaxy JW100 (seen edge-on in the lower right). Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble / M. Gullieuszik / GASP Team.

Hubble Focuses on Jellyfish Galaxy JW100

Mar 20, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

Streams of star-forming gas dripping from the disk of a spiral galaxy called JW100 are formed by a process called ram pressure stripping, and their resemblance...

Aled Roberts and Nigel Scrutton used simulated Martian soil mixed with potato starch and a pinch of salt to create the material that is twice as strong as ordinary concrete and is perfectly suited for construction work in extraterrestrial environments. Image credit: Aled Roberts & Nigel Scrutton, doi: 10.1515/eng-2022-0390.

StarCrete: Materials Scientists Create Starch-Based Concrete for Extraterrestrial Construction

Mar 17, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

The StarCrete is twice as strong as regular concrete and is made from extraterrestrial dust, potato starch, and a pinch of salt. Aled Roberts and Nigel...

Like humans, great apes voluntarily seek and engage in altered experiences of self-perception and situational awareness. Image credit: We-o.

Great Apes Spin Themselves to Deliberately Make Themselves Dizzy, Scientists Say

Mar 17, 2023 by News Staff

Among animals, humans stand out in their consummate propensity to self-induce altered states of mind. Archaeology, history and ethnography show these activities...

The Haast’s eagle (Hieraaetus moorei) attacking two moas. Image credit: John Megahan / PLoS Biology, doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0030020.

Giant Eagle Species Lived in Australia More Than 50,000 Years Ago

Mar 16, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

A new genus and species of giant accipitrid bird being named Dynatoaetus gaffae has been identified from fossil remains found South Australia. The Haast’s...

Main architectural features of a mustatil located 55 km east of the modern city of Al Ula in Saudi Arabia. Image credit: Kennedy et al., 10.1371/journal.pone.0281904.

Real Function of Saudi Arabia’s Neolithic Monuments Exposed in New Research

Mar 16, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

Since the 1970s, monumental stone structures now known as mustatils (previously known as ‘gates’) have been documented across Saudi Arabia. However,...

The dashed white line in this illustration shows the boundary between the inner and outer Solar System, with the asteroid belt positioned roughly in between Mars and Jupiter. A bubble near the top of the image shows water molecules attached to a rocky fragment, demonstrating the kind of object that could have carried water to Earth. Image credit: Jack Cook / Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.

Study Offers New Insights into Extraterrestrial Origins of Earth’s Water

Mar 16, 2023 by News Staff

In new research, planetary scientists from the University of Maryland and elsewhere analyzed melted meteorites that had been floating around in space since...

An artist’s impression of a blazar. Image credit: DESY / Science Communication Lab.

NASA’s Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope Captures Dynamic Gamma-Ray Sky

Mar 15, 2023 by News Staff

The new animation shows the gamma-ray sky’s frenzied activity during a year of observations by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) aboard NASA’s Fermi Gamma-ray...

Artist’s impression of a volcano erupting on Venus. Image credit: ESA / AOES Medialab.

Venus Has Ongoing Active Volcanism, New Study Confirms

Mar 15, 2023 by News Staff

Planetary scientists have examined volcanic areas on Venus that were imaged two or three times by NASA’s Magellan spacecraft and identified a 2.2-km2...

This image shows WR 124, a star located approximately 15,000 light-years away in the constellation of Sagitta. The star displays the characteristic diffraction spikes of Webb’s Near-infrared Camera (NIRCam), caused by the physical structure of the telescope itself. NIRCam effectively balances the brightness of the star with the fainter gas and dust surrounding it, while Webb’s Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) reveals the nebula’s structure. Image credit: NASA / ESA / CSA / STScI / Webb ERO Production Team.

Webb Captures Extremely Luminous and Hot Wolf-Rayet Star

Mar 15, 2023 by News Staff

Wolf-Rayet stars are in the process of casting off their outer layers, resulting in their characteristic halos of gas and dust. The new Webb images of...

Duan et al. identified a mechanism of intestinal Th17 cell differentiation that emerges from an intestinal epithelial cell-associated an unfolded protein response. Image credit: Duan et al., doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.02.018.

Xanthine Plays Important Role in Gut Health, New Study Suggests

Mar 15, 2023 by News Staff

Xanthine, which is found in coffee, tea and chocolate, may play a role in the generation of interleukin-17-producing T helper (Th17) cells, an important...

A rendering of Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum. Image credit: Júlia d’Oliveira.

Jurassic Sauropod Dinosaur Had 15-Meter-Long Neck

Mar 15, 2023 by News Staff

Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum lived 162 million year ago (Late Jurassic epoch) in what is now China. A rendering of Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum. Image...

The Godlewski’s bunting (Emberiza godlewskii) in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Image credit: Jargal Lamjav / CC BY 2.0.

Cryptic New Species of Songbird Identified in China

Mar 14, 2023 by Sergio Prostak

The northern and southern populations of a songbird species called the Godlewski’s bunting (Emberiza godlewskii) should be treated as two independent...

The structure of the bacteriophage P74-26. Image credit: Leonora Martinez-Nunez.

‘Rapunzel Bacteriophage’ Has Extremely Long Tail, Researchers Say

Mar 14, 2023 by News Staff

A bacteriophage (bacteria-infecting virus) called P74-26 and nicknamed ‘Rapunzel bacteriophage’ lives in inhospitable hot springs and preys on Thermus...

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