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Researchers Seek to Define Quantum Data Compression

Bagherian et al. compared classical computing techniques for compressing data with potential quantum compression techniques. Image credit: Garik Barseghyan.
Apr 19, 2023 by News Staff

In a new review paper, scientists from the Quantum Information Science Section at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the University of Michigan presented a survey of data compression algorithms with a focus on edge computing, which processes data at or near sensors. Bagherian et al. compared classical computing techniques for compressing data with potential quantum compression techniques. Image credit: Garik Barseghyan. Compressing data saves storage...

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An artist’s illustration of NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. Image credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.

NASA’s TESS Mission Marks Five Years in Space

Apr 19, 2023 by News Staff

Since its launch in April 2018, NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) have mapped more than 93% of the entire sky, discovered 329 new alien...

Small-scale battery-like microbial fuel cells are a promising alternative power source for future low-power electronics. Controllable microbial electrocatalytic activity in a miniaturized microbial fuel cell with unlimited biodegradable energy resources would enable simple power generation in various environmental settings. However, the short shelf-life of living biocatalysts, few ways to activate the stored biocatalysts, and extremely low electrocatalytic capabilities render the miniature microbial fuel cells unsuitable for practical use. In new research, heat-activated Bacillus subtilis spores are revolutionarily used as a dormant biocatalyst that can survive storage and rapidly germinate when exposed to special nutrients that are preloaded in the device. Image credit: Maryam Rezaie & Seokheun Choi, doi: 10.1002/smll.202301135.

Bacteria-Powered Biobattery Has 100-Year Shelf Life, Scientists Say

Apr 19, 2023 by News Staff

Scientists at Binghamton University, State University of New York, have used a species of spore-forming bacterium called Bacillus subtilis to create a...

Shapiro et al. show that the development of complex life on planets in the habitable zone can be sustained from a few percent of oxygen upward, being robust for a large range of stellar characteristics and against major extraterrestrial cataclysms. Image credit: MPS / Hormesdesign.de.

Metal-Poor Stars are More Suitable for Evolution of Life on Their Planets: Study

Apr 18, 2023 by Natali Anderson

Atmospheric ozone and oxygen protect the biosphere of our planet against harmful ultraviolet radiation. In new research, astronomers modeled atmospheres...

The carbon-negative, environmentally friendly concrete that is nearly as strong as regular concrete. Image credit: Washington State University.

Environmentally Friendly, Carbon-Negative Concrete Created

Apr 18, 2023 by News Staff

Researchers at Washington State University have demonstrated a new synergistic carbon-capture strategy, i.e., using concrete washout water and biochar...

This image, captured by Webb’s Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) and Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI), shows Arp 220, a duo of colliding galaxies with merging cores; the brilliant light from the star-formation surrounding these cores creates diffraction spikes. Image credit: NASA / ESA / CSA / K. Pontoppidan, STScI / A. Pagan, STScI.

Webb Sees Ultraluminous Galaxy Collision: Arp 220

Apr 18, 2023 by News Staff

Arp 220 is the result of a collision between two spiral galaxies; the enormous object glows brightest in infrared light, making it an ideal target for...

Kuitems et al. provide evidence that the Norse were active on the North American continent in the year 1021 CE. Image credit: Oscar C.R.

Vikings Abandoned Southwest Greenland Due in Part to Sea-Level Rise, New Research Suggests

Apr 18, 2023 by News Staff

The first records of Greenland Vikings date to 985 CE. Archaeological evidence yields insight into how they lived, yet drivers of their disappearance in...

This image, captured by the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) instrument on ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT), shows the young stellar object 244-440 in the Orion Nebula. Image credit: Kirwan et al. / ESO.

VLT Spots Spectacular Bipolar Jet from Young Stellar Object in Orion Nebula Cluster

Apr 18, 2023 by Natali Anderson

Astronomers using ESO’s Very Large Telescope have captured the most detailed image yet of the young stellar object 244-440 and the bipolar jet associated...

This view of Europa was captured by the JunoCam imager aboard NASA’s Juno spacecraft during the mission’s close flyby on September 29, 2022. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / SwRI / MSSS / Kevin M. Gill.

Local Tectonic Activity Could Cause Landslides on Icy Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn

Apr 17, 2023 by News Staff

Intense tectonism is evident on many outer solar system satellites — such as Ganymede, Europa, and Enceladus — with some surface regions showing...

A photo of the huge elliptical galaxy Messier 87 (left) is compared to its 3D shape as gleaned from meticulous observations made with Hubble and Keck telescopes (right). Image credit: NASA / ESA / Joseph Olmsted, STScI / Frank Summers, STScI / Chung-Pei Ma, UC Berkeley.

Astronomers Measure 3D Shape of Messier 87 and Mass of Its Central Black Hole

Apr 17, 2023 by News Staff

Messier 87, a massive elliptical galaxy located approximately 53 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo, turns out to be triaxial, or potato-shaped,...

This Hubble image shows UGC 678, a barred spiral galaxy some 260 million light-years away in the constellation of Pisces. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble / C. Kilpatrick / R.J. Foley.

Hubble Observes Beautiful Spiral Galaxy

Apr 17, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

Astronomers using the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope have captured a striking new photo of the barred spiral galaxy UGC 678. This Hubble image shows UGC...

JUICE lifted off on an Ariane 5 rocket from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana on April 14, 2023. Image credit: M. Pédoussaut / ESA.

ESA’s JUICE Spacecraft Launches to Study Jupiter’s Icy Moons

Apr 17, 2023 by News Staff

ESA’s latest interplanetary mission, the JUpiter ICy Moons Explorer (JUICE), lifted off on an Ariane 5 rocket from Europe’s Spaceport in French...

Life reconstruction of Beesiiwo cooowuse with the pseudosuchian Heptasuchus clarki in the background representing the known fauna from the lower carbonate unit of the Popo Agie Formation, Wyoming, the United States. Image credit: Gabriel Ugueto.

New Species of Rhynchosaur Unearthed in Wyoming

Apr 14, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

Paleontologists have identified a new genus and species of hyperodapedontine rhynchosaur from several specimens unearthed in central Wyoming, the United...

Color-composite image of the galaxy cluster RX J2129.6+0005; green circles indicate three lensed images of the dwarf starburst galaxy RX J2129-z95. Image credit: Williams et al., doi: 10.1126/science.adf5307.

Webb Finds Tiny Star-Forming Galaxy in Early Universe

Apr 13, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

The newly-discovered galaxy, named RX J2129-z95, appears as three images due to the gravitational lensing of the foreground galaxy cluster RX J2129.6+0005....

Life recontsruction of Palaeochiropteryx bats. Image credit: Obsidian Soul / CC BY-SA 3.0.

52-Million-Year-Old Fossils Identified as Oldest Known Bat Species

Apr 13, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

The Fossil Lake deposits of the Green River Formation of Wyoming in the United States have produced nearly 30 bat fossils over the last 50 years. However,...

New image of M87* generated by the PRIMO algorithm using the 2017 EHT data. Image credit: Medeiros et al., doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/acc32d.

EHT Image of Messier 87’s Black Hole Reconstructed with Novel Machine Learning Algorithm

Apr 13, 2023 by News Staff

The iconic Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) image of the supermassive black hole at the center of Messier 87 has received its first official makeover, thanks...

The most recognizable feature of graphene’s electronic spectrum is its Dirac point, around which interesting phenomena tend to cluster. At low temperatures, the intrinsic behavior in this regime is often obscured by charge inhomogeneity, but thermal excitations can overcome the disorder at elevated temperatures and create an electron-hole plasma of Dirac fermions. The Dirac plasma has been found to exhibit unusual properties, including quantum-critical scattering and hydrodynamic flow. However, little is known about the plasma’s behavior in magnetic fields. Xin et al. report magnetotransport in this quantum-critical regime. Image credit: University of Manchester.

Physicists Discover Giant Magnetoresistance in Graphene

Apr 12, 2023 by News Staff

Record-high magnetoresistance appears in graphene under ambient conditions, according to new research led by the University of Manchester. The most recognizable...

The cartilage of the little skate (Leucoraja erinacea) is stained with Alcian blue, the bones with Alizarin red. Image credit: David Gold, Lynn Kee & Meghan Morrissey / MBL Embryology Course.

Genome of Enigmatic Little Skate Sequenced

Apr 12, 2023 by News Staff

Skates are cartilaginous fish whose body plan features enlarged wing-like pectoral fins, enabling them to thrive in benthic environments. However, the...

Life reconstruction of the head of Diamantinasaurus matildae. Image credit: Elena Marian.

Nearly Complete Skull of Titanosaur Unearthed in Australia

Apr 12, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

Titanosaurian sauropod dinosaurs were diverse and abundant throughout the Cretaceous period, with a global distribution. However, few titanosaurian species...

Banana-peeling behavior of the female Asian elephant Pang Pha depends on banana ripeness and is suppressed in social feeding experiments. Image credit: Kaufmann et al., doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.02.076.

Scientists Describe Unique Banana-Peeling Behavior of Captive Asian Elephant

Apr 12, 2023 by News Staff

Like other elephants, Pang Pha — a female Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) handraised by human caretakers in the Berlin Zoo, Germany — consumes...

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